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A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow that points towards the products to show the direction of the reaction. [1]
A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, using chemical symbols for the chemical elements, and subscripts to indicate the number of atoms involved. For example, water is composed of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom: the chemical formula is H 2 O.
However, the -ΔG˚ is not a BDE, since BDE are by definition stated in terms of enthalpy (ΔH˚). The two values are of course related by ΔG˚ = ΔH˚ - TΔS˚ and as a result educated comparisons can be made between ΔG˚ and ΔH˚. R- ⇌ e- + R. (Reaction 1) ΔG o rxn 1 = -nFE˚ 1/2 H + + e- ⇌ H. (Reaction 2) ΔG o rxn 2 = -nFE˚ 1/2
The multiplicity is often equal to the number of possible orientations of the total spin [3] relative to the total orbital angular momentum L, and therefore to the number of near– degenerate levels that differ only in their spin–orbit interaction energy. For example, the ground state of a carbon atom is 3 P (Term symbol).
Law of multiple proportions. In chemistry, the law of multiple proportions states that in compounds which contain two particular chemical elements, the amount of Element A per measure of Element B will differ across these compounds by ratios of small whole numbers. For instance, the ratio of the hydrogen content in methane (CH 4) and ethane (C ...
Reversible reaction. A reversible reaction is a reaction in which the conversion of reactants to products and the conversion of products to reactants occur simultaneously. [1] A and B can react to form C and D or, in the reverse reaction, C and D can react to form A and B. This is distinct from a reversible process in thermodynamics.
The standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions.A degree sign (°) or a superscript Plimsoll symbol (⦵) is used to designate a thermodynamic quantity in the standard state, such as change in enthalpy (ΔH°), change in entropy (ΔS°), or change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°).
In physical chemistry and chemical engineering, extent of reaction is a quantity that measures the extent to which the reaction has proceeded. Often, it refers specifically to the value of the extent of reaction when equilibrium has been reached. It is usually denoted by the Greek letter ξ. The extent of reaction is usually defined so that it ...