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Euclid (/ ˈ j uː k l ɪ d /; Ancient Greek: Εὐκλείδης; fl. 300 BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. [2] Considered the "father of geometry", [3] he is chiefly known for the Elements treatise, which established the foundations of geometry that largely dominated the field until the early 19th century.
Oliver Byrne (/ b ɜːr n /; 31 July 1810 – 9 December 1880) was a civil engineer and prolific author of works on subjects including mathematics, geometry, and engineering. He is best known for his 'coloured' book of Euclid's Elements. He was also a large contributor to Spon's Dictionary of Engineering. [1] Proof of the Pythagorean theorem.
Euclid's Elements was the culmination of this effort and for over two thousand years, even as late as the 19th century, it remained the "standard text" on mathematics throughout the Mediterranean region (including Europe and the Middle East), and later also in North and South America after European colonization.
He was the first author who translated Euclid's Elements from Greek into Arabic. His first translation was made for Yaḥyā ibn Khālid , the Vizier of Caliph Hārūn al-Rashīd . He made a second, improved, more concise translation for the Caliph al-Maʾmūn (813–833).
Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry, Elements.Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms (postulates) and deducing many other propositions from these.
The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements - Second Edition Revised with Additions: Vol. 1-3; PDF files of many of Heath's works, including those on Diophantus, Apollonius, etc. Excerpts from MacTutor. Heath: Everyman's Library Euclid Introduction; Heath: The thirteen books of Euclid's elements Preface; Heath: Mathematics in Aristotle Preface ...
Hypatia's father Theon of Alexandria is best known for having edited the existing text of Euclid's Elements, [11] [12] [13] shown here in a ninth-century manuscript. Hypatia was the daughter of the mathematician Theon of Alexandria (c. 335 – c. 405 AD).
Theon of Alexandria (/ ˌ θ iː ə n,-ɒ n /; Ancient Greek: Θέων ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς; c. AD 335 – c. 405) was a Greek [1] scholar and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, Egypt. He edited and arranged Euclid's Elements and wrote commentaries on works by Euclid and Ptolemy. His daughter Hypatia also won fame as a mathematician.