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Euclid (/ ˈ j uː k l ɪ d /; Ancient Greek: Εὐκλείδης; fl. 300 BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. [2] Considered the "father of geometry", [3] he is chiefly known for the Elements treatise, which established the foundations of geometry that largely dominated the field until the early 19th century.
Oliver Byrne (/ b ɜːr n /; 31 July 1810 – 9 December 1880) was a civil engineer and prolific author of works on subjects including mathematics, geometry, and engineering. He is best known for his 'coloured' book of Euclid's Elements. He was also a large contributor to Spon's Dictionary of Engineering. [1] Proof of the Pythagorean theorem.
The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements - Second Edition Revised with Additions: Vol. 1-3; PDF files of many of Heath's works, including those on Diophantus, Apollonius, etc. Excerpts from MacTutor. Heath: Everyman's Library Euclid Introduction; Heath: The thirteen books of Euclid's elements Preface; Heath: Mathematics in Aristotle Preface ...
He was the first author who translated Euclid's Elements from Greek into Arabic. His first translation was made for Yaḥyā ibn Khālid , the Vizier of Caliph Hārūn al-Rashīd . He made a second, improved, more concise translation for the Caliph al-Maʾmūn (813–833).
Theon of Alexandria (/ ˌ θ iː ə n,-ɒ n /; Ancient Greek: Θέων ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς; c. AD 335 – c. 405) was a Greek [1] scholar and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, Egypt. He edited and arranged Euclid's Elements and wrote commentaries on works by Euclid and Ptolemy. His daughter Hypatia also won fame as a mathematician.
Mathematics was not taught at the university, but by reading Sinclair's Tuyrocinia Mathematica in Novem Tractatus and then Euclid’s Elements Simson soon became deeply interested in mathematics and especially geometry. His efforts impressed the university Senate to such an extent that they offered him the chair of mathematics, to replace the ...
Euclid postulated that visual rays proceed from the eyes onto objects, and that the different visual properties of the objects were determined by how the visual rays struck them. Here the red square is an actual object, while the yellow plane shows how the object is perceived. 1573 edition in Italian
Hypatia's father Theon of Alexandria is best known for having edited the existing text of Euclid's Elements, [11] [12] [13] shown here in a ninth-century manuscript. Hypatia was the daughter of the mathematician Theon of Alexandria (c. 335 – c. 405 AD).