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  2. Computational complexity of mathematical operations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_complexity...

    Graphs of functions commonly used in the analysis of algorithms, showing the number of operations versus input size for each function. The following tables list the computational complexity of various algorithms for common mathematical operations.

  3. Montgomery modular multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_modular...

    The only exception is the final conditional subtraction of the modulus, but it is easily modified (to always subtract something, either the modulus or zero) to make it resistant. [4] It is of course necessary to ensure that the exponentiation algorithm built around the multiplication primitive is also resistant.

  4. List of arbitrary-precision arithmetic software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_arbitrary...

    dc: "Desktop Calculator" arbitrary-precision RPN calculator that comes standard on most Unix-like systems. KCalc, Linux based scientific calculator; Maxima: a computer algebra system which bignum integers are directly inherited from its implementation language Common Lisp. In addition, it supports arbitrary-precision floating-point numbers ...

  5. Strassen algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strassen_algorithm

    This reduces the number of matrix additions and subtractions from 18 to 15. The number of matrix multiplications is still 7, and the asymptotic complexity is the same. [6] The algorithm was further optimised in 2017, [7] reducing the number of matrix additions per step to 12 while maintaining the number of matrix multiplications, and again in ...

  6. Karatsuba algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karatsuba_algorithm

    Karatsuba multiplication of az+b and cz+d (boxed), and 1234 and 567 with z=100. Magenta arrows denote multiplication, amber denotes addition, silver denotes subtraction and cyan denotes left shift. (A), (B) and (C) show recursion with z=10 to obtain intermediate values. The Karatsuba algorithm is a fast multiplication algorithm.

  7. Euclidean algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_algorithm

    In the subtraction-based version, which was Euclid's original version, the remainder calculation (b := a mod b) is replaced by repeated subtraction. [22] Contrary to the division-based version, which works with arbitrary integers as input, the subtraction-based version supposes that the input consists of positive integers and stops when a = b :

  8. Arbitrary-precision arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary-precision_arithmetic

    In computer science, arbitrary-precision arithmetic, also called bignum arithmetic, multiple-precision arithmetic, or sometimes infinite-precision arithmetic, indicates that calculations are performed on numbers whose digits of precision are potentially limited only by the available memory of the host system.

  9. Interval arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_arithmetic

    The main objective of interval arithmetic is to provide a simple way of calculating upper and lower bounds of a function's range in one or more variables. These endpoints are not necessarily the true supremum or infimum of a range since the precise calculation of those values can be difficult or impossible; the bounds only need to contain the function's range as a subset.