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CTCF. Transcriptional repressor CTCF also known as 11-zinc finger protein or CCCTC-binding factor is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the CTCF gene. [5][6] CTCF is involved in many cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, insulator activity, V (D)J recombination [7] and regulation of chromatin architecture.
Insulator (genetics) An insulator is a type of cis-regulatory element known as a long-range regulatory element. Found in multicellular eukaryotes and working over distances from the promoter element of the target gene, an insulator is typically 300 bp to 2000 bp in length. [1] Insulators contain clustered binding sites for sequence specific DNA ...
CCCTC-binding factor ( CTCF ), an 11- zinc finger factor involved in gene regulation, utilizes different zinc fingers to bind varying DNA target sites. CTCF forms methylation-sensitive insulators that regulate X-chromosome inactivation. Transcriptional repressor CTCFL (this protein) is a paralog of CTCF and appears to be expressed primarily in ...
Insulated neighborhoods are defined as chromosome loops that are formed by CTCF homodimers, co-bound with cohesin, and containing at least one gene. [ 13][ 14] The CTCF/cohesin-bound regions delimiting an insulated neighborhood are called "anchors." One study in human Embryonic stem cells identified ~13,000 insulated neighborhoods that, on ...
Boundaries at both side of these domains are conserved between different mammalian cell types and even across species [2] and are highly enriched with CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and cohesin. [1] In addition, some types of genes (such as transfer RNA genes and housekeeping genes) appear near TAD boundaries more often than would be expected by ...
Moreover, CTCF and cohesin play important roles in determining TADs and enhancer-promoter interactions. The result shows that the orientation of CTCF binding motifs in an enhancer-promoter loop should be facing to each other in order for the enhancer to find its correct target. [51]
CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), or 11-zinc finger protein, is considered the most prominent player in linking genome organization with gene expression. [11] CTCF interacts with specific DNA sequences and a variety of other architectural proteins, chiefly cohesin [ 15 ] - these behaviours allow it to mediate DNA looping, thus acting as ...
a database for CTCF binding sites and genome organization: database: website [7] Factorbook a Wiki-based database for transcription factor-binding data generated by the ENCODE consortium. database: website [8] hmChIP a database and web server for exploring publicly available human and mouse ChIP-seq and ChIP-chip data. database: website [9 ...
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