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Contents. Protein S deficiency. Protein S deficiency is a disorder associated with increased risk of venous thrombosis. [ 1 ] Protein S, a vitamin K -dependent physiological anticoagulant, acts as a nonenzymatic cofactor to activate protein C in the degradation of factor Va and factor VIIIa. [ 3 ]
Protein S. Protein S (also known as PROS) is a vitamin K -dependent plasma glycoprotein synthesized in the liver. In the circulation, Protein S exists in two forms: a free form and a complex form bound to complement protein C4b-binding protein (C4BP). In humans, protein S is encoded by the PROS1 gene. [5][6] Protein S plays a role in coagulation.
Protein C deficiency is a rare genetic trait that predisposes to thrombotic disease. It was first described in 1981. [2] The disease belongs to a group of genetic disorders known as thrombophilias. Protein C deficiency is associated with an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism (relative risk 8–10), whereas no association with ...
Specialty. Endocrinology. Protein–energy undernutrition (PEU), once called protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy (calories) in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees.
Nutritional hypoproteinemia is due to severe limitation of protein intake in the diet. An example of nutritional hypoproteinemia is Kwashiorkor, a type of protein energy malnutrition affecting young children. Malabsorption, often caused by celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease. Liver disease can also cause hypoproteinemia by decreasing ...
Kwashiorkor is a form of protein deficiency, which can result in both osmotic imbalances and irregularities in the lymphatic system. [3] Kwashiorkor is most notable for peripheral edema. The presence of edema in kwashiorkor is correlated with very low albumin concentration (hypoalbuminemia).
Malnutrition. Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [11][12] Specifically, it is a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients which adversely affects the body's tissues and form.
Low-protein diet. A low-protein diet is a diet in which people decrease their intake of protein. A low-protein diet is used as a therapy for inherited metabolic disorders, such as phenylketonuria and homocystinuria, and can also be used to treat kidney or liver disease. Low protein consumption appears to reduce the risk of bone breakage ...