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Traditional orthogonal grid patterns generally have greater street frequencies than discontinuous patterns. For example, Portland's block is 200 feet × 200 feet while Miletus' is half that size and Timgad's half again (see diagram). Houston, Sacramento and Barcelona are progressively bigger reaching up to four times the area of Portland's block.
Fig.2 Orthogonal Grids Fig.3 Non-Orthogonal Grids. a) Structured curvilinear grid arrangements (vertices having similar neighborhood). b) Unstructured grid arrangements (vertices having variation in neighborhood). Structured curvilinear grids. 1) Grid points are identified at the intersection of coordinate line.
A portion of a map of the city from 1776; De Lancey Square and the grid around it can be seen on the right. The streets of lower Manhattan had, for the most part, developed organically as the colony of New Amsterdam – which became New York when the British took it over from the Dutch without firing a shot in 1664 – grew.
The big blocks form a gently undulating street pattern, north–south commercial, east–west arranged to catch the sea breeze. This was a simple and efficient manner to modernise the historical fixed grid patterns. A series of shaded boulevards short cuts the system, with some public squares, accessing the sea front.
The line segments AB and CD are perpendicular to each other. In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of perpendicularity.Although many authors use the two terms perpendicular and orthogonal interchangeably, the term perpendicular is more specifically used for lines and planes that intersect to form a right angle, whereas orthogonal is used in generalizations ...
Diagram of a fused grid district showing four neighbourhoods and a mixed use zone. The fused grid is a street network pattern first proposed in 2002 and subsequently applied in Calgary, Alberta (2006) and Stratford, Ontario (2004).
A conformal map acting on a rectangular grid. Note that the orthogonality of the curved grid is retained. While vector operations and physical laws are normally easiest to derive in Cartesian coordinates, non-Cartesian orthogonal coordinates are often used instead for the solution of various problems, especially boundary value problems, such as those arising in field theories of quantum ...
The six independent scalar products g ij =h i.h j of the natural basis vectors generalize the three scale factors defined above for orthogonal coordinates. The nine g ij are the components of the metric tensor, which has only three non zero components in orthogonal coordinates: g 11 =h 1 h 1, g 22 =h 2 h 2, g 33 =h 3 h 3.