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The hollow organs of the abdomen are the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, bladder, and rectum. [6] In the thoracic cavity, the heart is a hollow, muscular organ. [7] Splanchnology is the study of the viscera. [8] The term "visceral" is contrasted with the term "parietal", meaning "of or relating to the wall of a body part, organ or cavity". [9]
An organ system is a biological system consisting of a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. [1] Each organ has a specialized role in an organism body, and is made up of distinct tissues .
This article contains a list of organs in the human body. It is widely believed that there are 79 organs (this number goes up if you count each bone and muscle as an organ on their own, which is becoming a more common practice [1] [2]); however, there is no universal standard definition of what constitutes an organ, and some tissue groups' status as one is debated. [3]
On the organ and tissue scale in mammals and other animals, examples include the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the nervous system. On the micro to the nanoscopic scale, examples of biological systems are cells , organelles , macromolecular complexes and regulatory pathways.
Organography as a scientific study starts with Aristotle, who considered the parts of plants as "organs" and began to consider the relationship between different organs and different functions. In the 17th century Joachim Jung, [ 1 ] clearly articulated that plants are composed of different organ types such as root, stem and leaf, and he went ...
Lancaster and Knoblich [4] define an organoid as a collection of organ-specific cell types that develops from stem cells or organ progenitors, self-organizes through cell sorting and spatially restricted lineage commitment in a manner similar to in vivo, and exhibits the following properties: it has multiple organ-specific cell types;
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function.The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence organelle, the suffix -elle being a diminutive.
A beetle leg. An appendage (or outgrowth) is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body such as an arm or a leg. Protrusions from single-celled bacteria and archaea are known as cell-surface appendages or surface appendages.