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November 2, 2015; 8 years ago. ( 2015-11-02) [ 1] Semantic Scholar is a research tool for scientific literature powered by artificial intelligence. It is developed at the Allen Institute for AI and was publicly released in November 2015. [ 2] Semantic Scholar uses modern techniques in natural language processing to support the research process ...
Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. . Released in beta in November 2004, the Google Scholar index includes peer-reviewed online academic journals and books, conference papers, theses and dissertations, preprints, abstracts, technical reports, and other ...
Free ( Mozilla Public License) an Office suite; allows to export (and import, with accuracy limitations) PDF files. Microsoft Word 2013. Proprietary. Desktop software. The 2013 edition of Office allows PDF files to be converted into a format that can be edited. Nitro PDF Reader. Trialware.
PDFtk (short for PDF Toolkit) is a toolkit for manipulating Portable Document Format (PDF) documents. [ 3][ 4] It runs on Linux, Windows and macOS. [ 5] It comes in three versions: PDFtk Server ( open-source command-line tool ), PDFtk Free ( freeware) and PDFtk Pro ( proprietary paid ). [ 2] It is able to concatenate, shuffle, split and rotate ...
e. Windows 7 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, and became generally available on October 22, 2009. [ 10 ] It is the successor to Windows Vista, released nearly three years earlier.
This limitation was addressed in 2001 with the release of PDF Reference 1.5 and Tagged PDF, [29] but third-party support for this feature was limited until the release of PDF/UA in 2012. Many products support creating and reading PDF files, such as Adobe Acrobat, PDFCreator and LibreOffice, and several programming libraries such as iText and FOP.
A "personal computer" version of Windows is considered to be a version that end-users or OEMs can install on personal computers, including desktop computers, laptops, and workstations. The first five versions of Windows– Windows 1.0, Windows 2.0, Windows 2.1, Windows 3.0, and Windows 3.1 –were all based on MS-DOS, and were aimed at both ...
The main academic full-text databases are open archives or link-resolution services, although others operate under different models such as mirroring or hybrid publishers. Such services typically provide access to full text and full-text search, but also metadata about items for which no full text is available.