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The original edition of the memoir was divided to four parts: I, II, III and IV without titles, then was named by translator Nguyễn Quang Tô in the Quốc ngữ edition as 4 chapters: The reason of the loss of Vietnam, Short stories about typical patriots and mandarins right after the loss, The evil ruling of the French colonist in Vietnam, Looking forward to the future of Vietnam ...
Phan Bội Châu (Vietnamese: [faːn ɓôjˀ cəw]; 26 December 1867 – 29 October 1940), born Phan Văn San, courtesy name Hải Thụ (later changed to Sào Nam), was a pioneer of 20th century Vietnamese nationalism. In 1904, he formed a revolutionary organization called Duy Tân Hội ("Modernization Association").
Phan was named vice president, while ministries were created, with a delegate from each of Vietnam's three regions in each ministry. The most important of these was the "deliberative ministry", with Nguyễn Thượng Hiền, Phan Bội Châu and Nguyễn Thần Hiến representing the northern, central and southern regions respectively.
Between 1981 and 1990, five Vietnamese-American journalists were murdered for political reasons. While the ethnic press is the most dangerous for U.S. journalists, more Vietnamese journalists have been killed than journalists from any other group, including African Americans, Latinos, Chinese, or Haitians.
Đông Du (Saigon: [ɗəwŋm ju], Hanoi: [ɗəwŋm zu], journey to the east; Japanese: 東遊) was a Vietnamese political movement founded by Phan Bội Châu at the start of the 20th century that encouraged young Vietnamese to go east to Japan to study, in the hope of training a new era of revolutionary independent activists to rise against French colonial rule. [1]
Duy Tân Hội (chữ Hán: 維新會, Association for Modernization) was an anti-French and pro-independence society in Vietnam founded by Phan Bội Châu and Prince Cường Để in 1904. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Its aim was "defeat the French invaders, restore the Vietnam state, establish an independent government".
Severely repressive actions [clarification needed] were launched against the Vietnamese activists, and hundreds of them, including Phan Châu Trinh, were sent to Con Dao prison. [3] The French also accused Phan Boi Chau of the plot, forcing him to flee to Japan; [ 3 ] [ 4 ] this abortive plot later became one of many incidents that eventually ...
Phan concluded that it was "because the destiny of our country has been willed by Heaven itself". [44] [45] Phan placed the responsibility for the suffering of the people at the feet of the French, who "acted like a storm". [44] [46] After analysing his own actions, Phan concluded with a thinly veiled attack on Khải and his collaborators. [44 ...