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In the history of physics, aether theories (or ether theories) ... Le Sage's theory might give an explanation of gravity and of its relation to inertia of masses, on ...
This "circulation" of aether is what he associated the force of gravity with to help explain the action of gravity in a non-mechanical fashion. [26] This theory described different aether densities, creating an aether density gradient. His theory also proposed that aether is rarified within objects and dense outside them.
An Einstein-aether theory is an alternative theory of gravity that adds a vector field to the theory of general relativity. There are also scalar field modifications, including Brans–Dicke theory, all included with Horndeski's theory.
The 12th-century scholar Al-Khazini suggested that the gravity an object contains varies depending on its distance from the centre of the universe (referring to the centre of the Earth). Al-Biruni and Al-Khazini studied the theory of the centre of gravity, and generalized and applied it to three-dimensional bodies.
Newton's discovery that gravity obeys the inverse square law surprised Huygens and he tried to take this into account by assuming that the speed of the aether is smaller in greater distance. [6] [8] [9] Criticism: Newton objected to the theory because drag must lead to noticeable deviations of the orbits which were not observed. [10]
Einstein's theory linked space, time and gravity. It holds that concentrations of mass and energy curve the structure of space-time, influencing the motion of whatever passes nearby.
The aether was considered as a yet undetected medium and responsible agent for conducting the force. In a letter to Robert Boyle in 1679 Newton proposed an "aethereal substance" to explain gravity. [4] Later in his work Opticks of 1717 he considered the aether to be made of impenetrable corpuscules. [4] [9] Newtonian aether was very dilute and ...
A 1933 portrait of E. T. Whittaker by Arthur Trevor Haddon. The book was originally written in the period immediately following the publication of Einstein's Annus Mirabilis papers and several years following the early work of Max Planck; it was a transitional period for physics, where special relativity and old quantum theory were gaining traction.