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Lactobacillus is a genus of gram-positive, aerotolerant anaerobes or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. [2] [3] Until 2020, the genus Lactobacillus comprised over 260 phylogenetically, ecologically, and metabolically diverse species; a taxonomic revision of the genus assigned lactobacilli to 25 genera (see § Taxonomy below).
Lactobacillus acidophilus image taken with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A Lactobacillus acidophilus culture. Lactobacillus acidophilus is an immobile rod-shaped (bacillus), gram-positive organism that ranges in size from 2-10 μm in size.
The amount and type of bacteria present have significant implications for an individual's overall health. [2] The primary colonizing bacteria of a healthy individual are of the genus Lactobacillus, [3] such as L. crispatus, and the lactic acid they produce is thought to protect against infection by pathogenic species. [4]
Lactobacillus crispatus is a normal inhabitant of the lower reproductive tract in healthy women. [17] [18] Functionally, like other lactic acid-producing bacteria, it may prevent infections through production of lactic acid, thereby lowering the pH. [19] Condom use was correlated with increased colonization of Lactobacillus crispatus in the ...
This bacteria causes lesions in the vascular endothelium, leading to hemorrhages and petechias at the surface of internal organs. [2] As few as 10 bacterial cells per fish can cause an infection. L. garvieae is isolated in saltwater fish in the Far East and specifically in European rainbow trout .
Lactobacillus jensenii is a lactic acid bacteria species in the genus Lactobacillus. It is one of the four main species of Lactobacillus considered to be the major part of the vaginal flora, along with Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillus iners. [1] [2] L. jensenii is sometimes used in producing fermented foods. [3]
Infection occurs in about 30% of women who are taking a course of antibiotics by mouth. [2] Broad-spectrum antibiotics kill healthy bacteria in the vagina, such as Lactobacillus. These bacteria normally help to limit yeast colonization. [14] [15] Oral contraceptive use is also associated with increased risk of vaginal thrush. [16] [2]
Weissella [3] is a genus of gram-positive bacteria placed within the family Lactobacillaceae, formerly considered species of the Leuconostoc paramesenteroides group. [2] The morphology of Weissella species varies from spherical or lenticular cells to irregular rods.