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The involute gear profile, sometimes credited to Leonhard Euler, [ 1] was a fundamental advance in machine design, since unlike with other gear systems, the tooth profile of an involute gear depends only on the number of teeth on the gear, pressure angle, and pitch. That is, a gear's profile does not depend on the gear it mates with.
Spur gears or straight-cut gears are the simplest type of gear. They consist of a cylinder or disk with teeth projecting radially. Viewing the gear at 90 degrees from the shaft length (side on) the tooth faces are straight and aligned parallel to the axis of rotation. Looking down the length of the shaft, a tooth's cross section is usually not ...
Profile of a spur gear Notation and numbering for an external gear Notation and numbering for an internal gear. The tooth surface (flank) forms the side of a gear tooth. [1] It is convenient to choose one face of the gear as the reference face and to mark it with the letter “I”. The other non-reference face might be termed face “II”.
The teeth of a rack and pinion pair may be either straight (parallel to the rotation axis, as in a spur gear) or helical. On the pinion, the profile of the working tooth surfaces is usually an arc of involute, as in most gears. On the rack, on the other hand, the matching working surfaces are flat.
Gear. Two intermeshing spur gears rotating at different velocity due to differing gear ratio. A gear[ 1][ 2] or gearwheel[ 3][ 4][ 5] is a rotating machine part typically used to transmit rotational motion and/or torque by means of a series of teeth that engage with compatible teeth of another gear or other part.
Bevel gear. Bevel gears are gears where the axes of the two shafts intersect and the tooth -bearing faces of the gears themselves are conically shaped. Bevel gears are most often mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at other angles as well. [ 1] The pitch surface of bevel gears is a cone, known as a pitch cone.
Backlash (engineering) In mechanical engineering, backlash, sometimes called lash, play, or slop, is a clearance or lost motion in a mechanism caused by gaps between the parts. It can be defined as "the maximum distance or angle through which any part of a mechanical system may be moved in one direction without applying appreciable force or ...
Oil pump from a scooter engine. A gear pump uses the meshing of gears to pump fluid by displacement. [ 1] They are one of the most common types of pumps for hydraulic fluid power applications. The gear pump was invented around 1600 by Johannes Kepler. [ 2] Gear pumps are also widely used in chemical installations to pump high- viscosity fluids.