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The pupil of the human eye can range in size from 2 mm to over 8 mm to adapt to the environment. The human eye can detect a luminance from 10 −6 cd/m 2, or one millionth (0.000001) of a candela per square meter to 10 8 cd/m 2 or one hundred million (100,000,000) candelas per square meter.
A reference value above which visual acuity is considered normal is called 6/6 vision, the USC equivalent of which is 20/20 vision: At 6 metres or 20 feet, a human eye with that performance is able to separate contours that are approximately 1.75 mm apart. [9] Vision of 6/12 corresponds to lower performance, while vision of 6/3 to better ...
However, in any human age group there is considerable variation in maximal pupil size. For example, at the peak age of 15, the dark-adapted pupil can vary from 4 mm to 9 mm with different individuals. After 25 years of age, the average pupil size decreases, though not at a steady rate.
The ANVIS 9 aviation NVGs have an adjustment range of 52 to 72 mm. [20] The Rockwell-Collins XL35 and XL50 binocular HMDs have a range of 55 to 75 mm. The US Department of Defense 1988 Army Survey can be used to evaluate the percentage of the US Army population captured by these ranges.
The iris ( pl.: irides or irises) is a thin, annular structure in the eye in most mammals and birds, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil, and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. In optical terms, the pupil is the eye's aperture, while the iris is the diaphragm.
Snellen chart. Purpose. Snellen chart is used to estimate visual acuity (last three rows are 20/15, 20/13 and 20/10) A Snellen chart is an eye chart that can be used to measure visual acuity. Snellen charts are named after the Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen who developed the chart in 1862 as a measurement tool for the acuity formula ...
One study in the United States estimated the average human head circumference to be 57 centimetres (22 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) in males and 55 centimetres (21 + 3 ⁄ 4 in) in females. [ 7 ] [ dubious – discuss ] A British study by Newcastle University showed an average size of 57.2 cm for males and 55.2 cm for females with average size varying ...
A set of 7×50 binoculars has an exit pupil just over 7.14 mm, which corresponds to the average pupil size of a youthful dark-adapted human eye in circumstances with no extraneous light. The emergent light at the eyepiece then fills the eye's pupil, meaning no loss of brightness at night due to using such binoculars (assuming perfect transmission).