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Thyroid nodules are nodules (raised areas of tissue or fluid) which commonly arise within an otherwise normal thyroid gland. [ 1] They may be hyperplastic or tumorous, but only a small percentage of thyroid tumors are malignant. Small, asymptomatic nodules are common, and often go unnoticed. [ 2] Nodules that grow larger or produce symptoms may ...
Toxic multinodular goiter ( TMNG ), also known as multinodular toxic goiter ( MNTG ), is an active multinodular goiter associated with hyperthyroidism . It is a common cause of hyperthyroidism [ 2][ 3] in which there is excess production of thyroid hormones from functionally autonomous thyroid nodules, which do not require stimulation from ...
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [ 1] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ. These hormones normally act in the body to regulate energy use ...
Goitre. A goitre, or goiter, is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. [ 1][ 2] A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly. Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency. [ 3] The term is from the Latin gutturia, meaning throat.
Thyroiditis is a group of disorders that all cause thyroidal inflammation. Forms of the disease are Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the US, postpartum thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis, silent thyroiditis, drug-induced thyroiditis, radiation-induced thyroiditis, acute thyroiditis, Riedel's thyroiditis.
Oncology. Thyroid neoplasm is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid. It can be a benign tumor such as thyroid adenoma, [ 1] or it can be a malignant neoplasm ( thyroid cancer ), such as papillary, follicular, medullary or anaplastic thyroid cancer. [ 2] Most patients are 25 to 65 years of age when first diagnosed; women are more affected than men ...
Hashimoto's encephalopathy, also known as steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis ( SREAT ), is a neurological condition characterized by encephalopathy, thyroid autoimmunity, and good clinical response to corticosteroids. It is associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and was first described in 1966.
Colloid nodules may be initially identified as an unspecified kind of thyroid nodule. Follow-up examinations typically include an ultrasound if it is unclear whether or not there really is a nodule present. Once the presence of a nodule has been confirmed, the determination of the kind of thyroid nodule is done by fine needle aspiration biopsy. [7]