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In economics, the law of increasing costs is a principle that states that to produce an increasing amount of a good a supplier must give up greater and greater amounts of another good. The best way to look at this is to review an example of an economy that only produces two things - cars and oranges. If all the resources of the economy are put ...
In economics, a cost curve is a graph of the costs of production as a function of total quantity produced. In a free market economy, productively efficient firms optimize their production process by minimizing cost consistent with each possible level of production, and the result is a cost curve. Profit-maximizing firms use cost curves to ...
v. t. e. In economics, diminishing returns are the decrease in marginal (incremental) output of a production process as the amount of a single factor of production is incrementally increased, holding all other factors of production equal ( ceteris paribus ). [ 1] The law of diminishing returns (also known as the law of diminishing marginal ...
Supply chain as connected supply and demand curves. In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market. It postulates that, holding all else equal, the unit price for a particular good or other traded item in a perfectly competitive market, will vary until it settles at the market-clearing price, where ...
It is an increasing function due to the law of diminishing returns, which explains that is it more costly (in terms of labour and equipment) to produce more output. In the short-run, a profit-maximizing firm will: Increase production if marginal cost is less than marginal revenue (added revenue per additional unit of output);
In economics, the concept of returns to scale arises in the context of a firm's production function. It explains the long-run linkage of increase in output (production) relative to associated increases in the inputs ( factors of production ). In the long run, all factors of production are variable and subject to change in response to a given ...
Marginal cost. In economics, the marginal cost is the change in the total cost that arises when the quantity produced is increased, i.e. the cost of producing additional quantity. [ 1] In some contexts, it refers to an increment of one unit of output, and in others it refers to the rate of change of total cost as output is increased by an ...
Wagner's law, also known as the law of increasing [a] state activity, [2] is the observation that public expenditure increases as national income rises. [3] It is named after the German economist Adolph Wagner (1835–1917), who first observed the effect in his own country and then for other countries.