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A database generally stores its schema in a data dictionary. Although a schema is defined in text database language, the term is often used to refer to a graphical depiction of the database structure. In other words, schema is the structure of the database that defines the objects in the database.
The term "schema" refers to the organization of data as a blueprint of how the database is constructed (divided into database tables in the case of relational databases). The formal definition of a database schema is a set of formulas (sentences) called integrity constraints imposed on a database.
A conceptual schema or conceptual data model is a high-level description of informational needs underlying the design of a database. [1] [2] It typically includes only the core concepts and the main relationships among them. This is a high-level model with insufficient detail to build a complete, functional database. [3]
In database theory, a relation, as originally defined by E. F. Codd, [1] is a set of tuples (d 1,d 2,...,d n), where each element d j is a member of D j, a data domain. Codd's original definition notwithstanding, and contrary to the usual definition in mathematics, there is no ordering to the elements of the tuples of a relation.
The logical schema was the way data were represented to conform to the constraints of a particular approach to database management. At that time the choices were hierarchical and network. Describing the logical schema, however, still did not describe how physically data would be stored on disk drives. That is the domain of the physical schema.
The SQL/Schemata, or Information and Definition Schemas, part of the SQL standard is defined by ISO/IEC 9075-11:2008.SQL/Schemata defines the information schema and definition schema, providing a common set of tools to make SQL databases and objects self-describing.
The snowflake schema is a variation of the star schema, featuring normalization of dimension tables. In computing, a snowflake schema or snowflake model is a logical arrangement of tables in a multidimensional database such that the entity relationship diagram resembles a snowflake shape.
A database model is a type of data model that determines the logical structure of a database. It fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model , which uses a table-based format.