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A tunnel boring machine (TBM), also known as a "mole" or a "worm", is a machine used to excavate tunnels. Tunnels are excavated through hard rock, wet or dry soil, or sand, each of which requires specialized technology. Tunnel boring machines are an alternative to drilling and blasting (D&B) methods and "hand mining".
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Freighter Fairpartner carrying the disassembled tunnel boring machine into the Port of Seattle in April 2013. Bertha was designed and manufactured by Hitachi Zosen Sakai Works of Osaka, Japan, and was the world's largest earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine, [14] at a cutterhead diameter of 57.5 feet (17.5 m) across.
English access was provided at Shakespeare Cliff and French access from a shaft at Sangatte. The French side used five tunnel boring machines (TBMs), and the English side six. The service tunnel uses Service Tunnel Transport System (STTS) and Light Service Tunnel Vehicles (LADOGS). Fire safety was a critical design issue.
Tunnel boring machine to excavate a Double-O-Tube Double-O tube tunnel example. In Japan there are several innovative approaches to shield tunnelling, e.g. the Double-O-Tube or DOT-tunnel. This tunnel looks like two overlapping circles. There are also shields with computerized arms which can be used to dig a tunnel in virtually any shape. [4]
A workman is dwarfed by the cutting end of a tunnel boring machine used to excavate the Gotthard Base Tunnel (Switzerland), the world's longest railway tunnel. Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) and associated back-up systems are used to highly automate the entire tunnelling process, reducing tunnelling costs. In certain predominantly urban ...
The Martina tunnel boring machine (officially named as the S-574. [1]) is a hard rock tunnel boring machine built by Herrenknecht AG.It is the largest hard rock tunnel boring machine in the world and has been used for drilling the Sparvo Tunnel, a part of the larger Variante di Valico project in Italy.
In May 2020, workers on the Brenner Base Tunnel reportedly set a new record for hard rock tunnel, boring a distance of 61 meters and 4 centimeters within 24 hours, a feat that was achieved using a Herrenknecht TBM. [19] During 2021, the UK's largest TBM was delivered by Herrnknecht for the boring of the Silvertown Tunnel. [20]