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The Janka hardness test (English: / ˈ dʒ æ ŋ k ə /; [1] German:), created by Austrian-born American researcher Gabriel Janka (1864–1932), measures the resistance of a sample of wood to denting and wear. [citation needed] It measures the force required to embed an 11.28-millimeter-diameter (7 ⁄ 16 in) steel ball halfway into a sample of ...
Red oak rings in at a 1290 on the Janka scale (the higher the number, the stronger the board), and white oak comes in at 1360. Durability: Thanks to the wood’s open grain, wood stains take ...
Lignum vitae is hard and durable, and is also the densest wood traded (average dried density: ~79 lb/ft 3 or ~1,260 kg/m 3); [4] it will easily sink in water. On the Janka scale of hardness, which measures hardness of woods, lignum vitae ranks highest of the trade woods, with a Janka hardness of 4,390 lbf (compared with Olneya at 3,260 lbf, [5] African blackwood at 2,940 lbf, hickory at 1,820 ...
Live oak was widely used in early American butt shipbuilding.Because of the trees' short height and low-hanging branches, lumber from live oaks was used in curved parts of the frame, such as knee braces (single-piece, L-shaped braces that spring inward from the side and support the deck), in which the grain runs perpendicular to structural stress, making for exceptional strength.
Quercus stellata, the post oak or iron oak, is a North American species of oak in the white oak section. It is a slow-growing oak that lives in dry areas on the edges of fields, tops of ridges, and also grows in poor soils, and is resistant to rot, fire, and drought. Interbreeding occurs among white oaks, thus many hybrid species combinations ...
Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) Post oak (Quercus stellata) Swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor) Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii) Chestnut oak (Quercus prinus) Chinkapin oak (Quercus muhlenbergii) Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis) Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata) English oak (Quercus robur) Red oak ...
Both kinds of wood are hard (with a Janka hardness of 550 lbf (2,400 N)), but the western yellow pine wood is less dense than southern yellow pine wood (28 lb/cu ft (0.45 g/cm 3) versus 35 lb/cu ft (0.56 g/cm 3) for shortleaf pine).
“Folks aged in their 30s and 40s are the biggest commuters,” Nicholas Bloom, professor of economics at Stanford University, tells Fortune, pointing to data he worked on which shows that people ...