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Inca architecture is widely known for its fine masonry, which features precisely cut and shaped stones closely fitted without mortar ("dry"). [15] However, despite this fame, most Inca buildings were actually made out of fieldstone and adobe as described above. [ 16 ]
The twelve-angled stone is composed of a formation of diorite rocks [2] and is recognized by its fine finishing and twelve-angled border, an example of perfectionist Incan architecture. The block is categorized as Cultural Heritage of the Nation of Peru and is located in the city of Cusco, 1105 km from Lima.
To construct Coricancha, the Inca used ashlar masonry, building from the placement of similarly sized cuboid stones that they hand cut and shaped for this purpose. [18] The use of ashlar masonry made the temple much more difficult to construct, as the Inca did not use any stone with a slight imperfection or break. [18]
The stones were exhibited at the museum, labelled as "pre-Inca burial art", [7] until they were removed in 1970 [5] once Cabrera's collection and ideas concerning similar stones began to be publicized, the museum now believing them to be hoaxes.
The Inca decided the "best head would be to make a fortress on a high plateau to the north of the city." [8]: 105 During the 15th century, the Imperial Inca expanded on this settlement, building dry stone walls constructed of huge stones. Spanish Chronicler Pedro Cieza de León wrote in 1553:
Ollantaytambo [1] [2] (Quechua: Ullantaytampu) is a town and an Inca archaeological site in southern Peru some 72 km (45 mi) by road northwest of the city of Cusco.It is located at an altitude of 2,792 m (9,160 ft) above sea level in the district of Ollantaytambo, province of Urubamba, Cusco region.
For example it has been shown that the much-admired carved block known as the "Escritorio del Inca" is an accurate and reduced-scale model of full-scale architecture. [29] Some of these "model stones" like "little Pumapunku" are not isolated stones but, rather, seem to fit in the context of other stones and stone fragments. [32]
The stones they used are of three types: green Sacsayhuaman diorite porphyry, Yucay limestone and black andesite. Each stone can weigh several tons. They were mined by the Incas with harder stones and bronze tools. According to the marks on the stones, they were mostly smashed into a certain shape rather than cut. [8]
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