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The Great Heathen Army was much larger and aimed to conquer and occupy the four kingdoms of East Anglia, Northumbria, Mercia and Wessex. The name Great Heathen Army is derived from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. The force was led by three of the five sons of the semi-legendary Ragnar Lodbrok, including Halfdan Ragnarsson, Ivar the Boneless and Ubba.
In 865–866 it escalated further with the arrival of what the Saxons called the Great Heathen Army. [5] The annals do not report the size of the army, but modern estimates suggest between five hundred and a thousand men. [6] It was said to have been under the leadership of the brothers Ivar the Boneless, Ubba, and Halfdan Ragnarsson. [6]
A map of the route taken by the Viking Great Heathen Army. Items portrayed in this file depicts. ... Great Heathen Army; Military history of Denmark; Scandinavian York;
A map of the routes taken by the Great Heathen Army from 865 to 878. York was first recorded by Ptolemy around the year 150 as Eborakon. Under the Romans it became the provincial capital and bishopric of Eburacum. The Roman settlement was regularly planned, well defended and contained a stone legionary fortress. The Romans withdrew around 407 ...
This army was described by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as a "Great Heathen Army". [5] [6] Alfred defeated the Great Heathen Army at the Battle of Edington in 878. A treaty followed whereby Alfred ceded an enlarged East Anglia to the Danes. [7] After Edington, Alfred reorganised the defences of Wessex, he built a navy and a standing army.
In 865 the Great Heathen Army landed in East Anglia and started the invasion that would lead to the creation of the Danelaw. [5] Led by Ubba and Ivar (who may be the same historical figure as Ímar) the Vikings first took York on 1 November 866. [3] [6] Ivar's apparent motive was to avenge the death of his father, Ragnar Lodbrok. [7]
In 871, the Vikings' campaign was reinforced when the Great Summer Army arrived from Scandinavia. [4] In 874, following their winter stay in Repton (in present-day Derbyshire), the Great Heathen Army drove King Burgred of Mercia into exile and conquered Mercia; the Vikings replaced the exiled Mercian king with King Ceolwulf II of Mercia.
In 866, the Great Heathen Army landed in East Anglia with the intention of conquering all of the English kingdoms. During its campaign, the Viking army conquered the kingdoms of East Anglia, Mercia, and Northumbria. It initially overran the Kingdom of Wessex, but Danish King Guthrum was defeated by Alfred's army at the Battle of Edington in 878 ...