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  2. North Pole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Pole

    The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the True North Pole to distinguish from the Magnetic North Pole .

  3. Polar regions of Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth

    Visualization of the ice and snow covering Earth's northern and southern polar regions Northern Hemisphere permafrost (permanently frozen ground) in purple. The polar regions, also called the frigid zones or polar zones, of Earth are Earth's polar ice caps, the regions of the planet that surround its geographical poles (the North and South Poles), lying within the polar circles.

  4. List of map projections - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_map_projections

    Map is infinite in extent with outer hemisphere inflating severely, so it is often used as two hemispheres. Maps all small circles to circles, which is useful for planetary mapping to preserve the shapes of craters. c. 150 BC: Orthographic: Azimuthal Perspective Hipparchos* View from an infinite distance. 1740 Vertical perspective: Azimuthal ...

  5. Azimuthal equidistant projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuthal_equidistant...

    An azimuthal equidistant projection about the North Pole extending all the way to the South Pole An azimuthal equidistant projection about the South Pole extending all the way to the North Pole Emblem of the United Nations containing a polar azimuthal equidistant projection. The azimuthal equidistant projection is an azimuthal map projection.

  6. Arctic Circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_Circle

    The Arctic Circle, roughly 67° north of the Equator, defines the boundary of the Arctic waters and lands. The Arctic Circle is one of the two polar circles, and the most northerly of the five major circles of latitude as shown on maps of Earth at about 66° 34' N. [1] Its southern equivalent is the Antarctic Circle.

  7. Hemispheres of Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemispheres_of_Earth

    The division of Earth by the Equator and the prime meridian Map roughly depicting the Eastern and Western hemispheres. In geography and cartography, hemispheres of Earth are any division of the globe into two equal halves (hemispheres), typically divided into northern and southern halves by the Equator and into western and eastern halves by the Prime meridian.

  8. List of research stations in the Arctic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_research_stations...

    North Pole-19 A.N.Chilingarov: November 7, 1969 ... Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap. Download coordinates as: KML; GPX (all coordinates)

  9. Sinusoidal projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusoidal_projection

    Sinusoidal projection of the world. The sinusoidal projection with Tissot's indicatrix of deformation Jean Cossin, Carte cosmographique ou Universelle description du monde, Dieppe, 1570 The sinusoidal projection is a pseudocylindrical equal-area map projection , sometimes called the Sanson–Flamsteed or the Mercator equal-area projection .