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In human anatomy, the left and right posterior communicating arteries are small [1]: 471 arteries at the base of the brain that form part of the circle of Willis. Anteriorly, it unites with the internal carotid artery (ICA) (prior to the terminal bifurcation of the ICA into the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery ); posteriorly ...
HRHS also causes the right ventricle to be a fair amount smaller than the left side. [3] In people with hypoplastic right heart syndrome, the heart is not able to adequately pump blood to the lungs. The result of this is an inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to be circulated to the body. The severity of underdevelopment varies for each ...
Hypoplasia can affect the heart, typically resulting in the underdevelopment of the right ventricle or the left ventricle. This causes only one side of the heart to be capable of pumping blood to the body and lungs effectively. Hypoplasia of the heart is rare but is the most serious form of CHD.
The Fontan Kreutzer procedure is used in pediatric patients who possess only a single functional ventricle, either due to lack of a heart valve (e.g. tricuspid or mitral atresia), an abnormality of the pumping ability of the heart (e.g. hypoplastic left heart syndrome or hypoplastic right heart syndrome), or a complex congenital heart disease where a bi-ventricular repair is impossible or ...
Posterior cerebral artery syndrome is a condition whereby the blood supply from the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is restricted, leading to a reduction of the function of the portions of the brain supplied by that vessel: the occipital lobe, the inferomedial temporal lobe, a large portion of the thalamus, and the upper brainstem and midbrain. [1]
The right and left posterior cerebral arteries arise from the basilar artery, which is formed by the left and right vertebral arteries. The vertebral arteries arise from the subclavian arteries. The anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteries and could be said to arise from either the left or right side. All ...
Hypoplasia (from Ancient Greek ὑπo-(hypo-) 'under' and πλάσις (plasis) 'formation'; adjective form hypoplastic) is underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ. [1] Although the term is not always used precisely, it properly refers to an inadequate or below-normal number of cells. [ 2 ]
The left side of the heart is more muscular than the right side of the heart. It pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs into the aorta to perfuse the rest of the body. [ 4 ] When the heart has to pump against increased resistance, or afterload , as in the case of a ventricular obstruction, it compensates by growing in size.