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Anna Connelly's 1887 patent US368816A for a fire escape Houghton's portable fire escape 1877. One of the first fire escapes of any type was invented in 18th-century England. In 1784, Daniel Maseres, of England, invented a machine called a fire escape, which, being fastened to the window, would enable a person to descend to the street without ...
A fire escape is a type of external emergency exit. Local building codes or building regulations often dictate the number of fire exits required for a building of a given size, including the number of stairwells. For any buildings bigger than a private house, modern codes invariably specify at least two sets of stairs, completely isolated from ...
A fire alarm system is a building system designed to detect, alert occupants, and alert emergency forces of the presence of fire, smoke, carbon monoxide, or other fire-related emergencies. Fire alarm systems are required in most commercial buildings.
The system can be stand alone (i.e. using dedicated loudspeakers, which can also feature integrated strobe lights), or the system can accommodate public address system functionality. In 1973, the Autocall fire alarm company (merged to SimplexGrinnell then relaunched), manufactured the first voice evacuation system. [6]
Fire escape plan of a hotel in Taiwan. A fire safety plan is required by all North American national, state and provincial fire codes based on building use or occupancy types. Generally, the owner of the building is responsible for the preparation of a fire safety plan. Buildings with elaborate emergency systems may require the assistance of a ...
For some high challenge occupancies, [4] the code requirements for an occupancy separation are more stringent than for other fire barriers, even with an identical fire resistance rating. In this case, an occupancy separation with a two-hour fire-resistance rating may not be able to "de-rate" its closures, such fire doors and firestops.
Binggeli, Corky (2011). "Structural Systems § Exit Stairs". Building Systems for Interior Designers (2nd ed.). John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-17432-6. Burke, Robert A. (2008). Fire protection: systems and response. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-56670-622-3. Bush, Vincent R. (1988). Handbook to the uniform building code: an illustrative commentary ...
The publication Life Safety Code, known as NFPA 101, is a consensus standard widely adopted in the United States. [according to whom?] It is administered, trademarked, copyrighted, and published by the National Fire Protection Association and, like many NFPA documents, is systematically revised on a three-year cycle.