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The need for affiliation (N-Affil) is a term which describes a person's need to feel a sense of involvement and "belonging" within a social group.The term was popularized by David McClelland, whose thinking was strongly influenced by the pioneering work of Henry Murray, who first identified underlying psychological human needs and motivational processes in 1938.
In a society, there is a need for more people to participate in cooperative endeavors than can be accommodated by a few separate groups. [citation needed] The military has been the best example as to how this is done in its hierarchical array of squads, platoons, companies, battalions, regiments, and divisions. Private companies, corporations ...
McClelland's research showed that 86% of the population are dominant in one, two, or all three of these three types of motivation. His subsequent research, published in the 1977 Harvard Business Review article "Power is the Great Motivator", found that those in top management positions had a high need for power and a low need for affiliation ...
Affiliation or affiliate may refer to: Affiliate (commerce), a legal form of entity relationship used in Business Law; Affiliation (family law), a legal form of family relationship; Affiliate marketing; Affiliate network or affiliation platform, a website connecting advertisers and affiliates
a. Need for Tension Reduction b. Need for Expression (active, external) c. Need for Ego Defense (passive, internal) d. Need for Reinforcement (passive, external) Affective Growth Motives a. Need for Assertion (active, internal) b. Need for Affiliation (active, external) c. Need for Identification (passive, internal) d. Need for Modeling ...
In one characteristic example, a successful salesman with a high need for affiliation and a low need for power began to perform poorly after being promoted to management. He experienced difficulty giving direct orders, leading his subordinates to complain that he failed to set clear goals and reward individuals who performed well.
For example, it is illegal in the United States to consider race in the making and enforcement of private contracts other than marriage. This limit on freedom of association results from Section 1981 of Title 42 of the United States Code, as balanced against the First Amendment in the 1976 decision of Runyon v. McCrary. [10]
As a principle of this theory, the need for affiliation is determines the motivation for both verbal and nonverbal behaviors between two individuals. When a person has a moderate need of affiliation towards another person, they will tend to want to be intimate with that individual. One of the best examples is a wedding proposal.