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A study on a large group of children found more than 60% heritability for callous-unemotional traits and that conduct problems among children with these traits had a higher heritability than among children without these traits. [13] [14] The study also found slight sex differences (boys 64%, girls 49%) in the affective-interpersonal factor. [14]
The new approach emphasizes population health [23] where psychological researchers have prioritized one-one therapy in regards to analyzing social emotional conflict like low self-esteem. [24] The underlying idea of the movement was that low self-esteem was the root of problems for individuals, making it the root of societal problems and ...
Perceived control can be affected by two processes: primary and secondary control. Primary control consists of attempting to change the environment to align with one's own wishes, whereas secondary perceived refers to the act of attempting to gain control by changing one's wishes to reflect what exists or is achievable within the environment ...
The 1995 research of Schneewind suggests that "children in large single parent families headed by women are more likely to develop an external locus of control" [50] [51] Schultz and Schultz also claim that children in families where parents have been supportive and consistent in discipline develop internal locus of control. At least one study ...
Rumination, an example of attentional deployment, [20] is defined as the passive and repetitive focusing of one's attention on one's symptoms of distress and the causes and consequences of these symptoms. Rumination is generally considered a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, as it tends to exacerbate emotional distress.
The confidence that is being discussed here is self-confidence; confidence in knowing one's skills and abilities and being able to determine when to fight fear or when to flee it. [7] Putman states that: "The ideal in courage is not just a rigid control of fear, nor is it a denial of the emotion.
Another proximate cause of zero-sum thinking is the belief that one (or one's group) is entitled to a certain share of a resource. [20] [21] An extreme case is the belief that one is entitled to all of a resource that exists, implying that any gains by another is one's own loss. Less extreme is the belief that one (or one's group) is superior ...
In another approach, one can also describe a subliminal stimulus as meeting an objective but not a subjective threshold. [ 158 ] The automaticity model of John Bargh and others involves the ideas of automaticity and unconscious processing in our understanding of social behavior , [ 159 ] [ 160 ] although there has been dispute with regard to ...