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A crush artifact is an artificial elongation and distortion seen in histopathology and cytopathology studies, presumably because of iatrogenic compression of tissues. Distortion can be caused by the slightest compression of tissue and can provide difficulties in diagnosis. [2] [3] It may cause chromatin to be squeezed out of nuclei. [4]
The backscatter of the camera's flash by motes of dust causes unfocused orb-shaped photographic artifacts. In photography , backscatter (also called near-camera reflection [ 1 ] ) is an optical phenomenon resulting in typically circular artifacts on an image, due to the camera's flash being reflected from unfocused motes of dust , water ...
Amateur metal detectorists may disturb or remove artifacts. [5] Travel over the ground surface, whether by foot, animal, bicycle, or motorized vehicle, can cause artifacts to be broken, crushed, or moved. [6] [7] Campfires can contaminate sites and cause smoke damage to rock art, and the heat of a fire can cause rock to spall.
These distinctions are often blurred; a bone removed from an animal carcass is a biofact but a bone carved into a useful implement is an artifact. Similarly there can be debate over early stone objects that could be either crude artifact or naturally occurring and happen to resemble early objects made by early humans or Homo sapiens.
Radar multipath echoes from a target cause ghosts to appear. In radar signal processing, some echoes can be related to fixed objects , multipath returns, jamming, atmospheric effect (brightband or attenuation), anomalous propagation, and many other effects. All those echoes must be filtered in order to obtain the position, velocity and type of ...
An MRI artifact is a visual artifact (an anomaly seen during visual representation) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is a feature appearing in an image that is not present in the original object. [1] Many different artifacts can occur during MRI, some affecting the diagnostic quality, while others may be confused with pathology.
The term macroblocking is commonly used regardless of the artifact's cause. Other names include blocking, [8] tiling, [9] mosaicing, pixelating, quilting, and checkerboarding. Block-artifacts are a result of the very principle of block transform coding.
Drastic temperature changes can cause irreversible damage to artifacts such as: warping, crumbling, or fragmenting. Higher temperatures, specifically, could result in humidity levels significantly rising which could cause further deterioration, infestations of insects, molds, rot, and bacteria.