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David Playing the Harp by Jan de Bray, 1670.. Knowledge of the biblical period is mostly from literary references in the Bible and post-biblical sources. Religion and music historian Herbert Lockyer, Jr. writes that "music, both vocal and instrumental, was well cultivated among the Hebrews, the New Testament Christians, and the Christian church through the centuries."
The movements marked "Recitative" (Rec.) are "secco", accompanied by only the continuo, whereas the recitatives marked "Accompagnato" (Acc.) are accompanied by additional string instruments. Handel used four voice parts, soprano (S), alto (A), tenor (T) and bass (B) in the solo and choral movements.
Handel uses four voice parts in both solo and chorus, soprano (S), alto (A), tenor (T) and bass (B). Only once is the chorus divided in an upper chorus and a lower chorus, it is SATB otherwise. The orchestra scoring is simple: oboes , strings and basso continuo of harpsichord , violoncello , violone and bassoon .
The shepherds are introduced by an instrumental Pastorale, the Pifa, which takes its name from the shepherd-bagpipers, or pifferai, who played in the streets of Rome at Christmas time. [ 6 ] [ 9 ] The music in C major and swinging 12/8 time gently rises and falls like a cradle song (i.e. lullaby).
Long String Instrument, (by Ellen Fullman, strings are rubbed in, and vibrate in the longitudinal mode) Magnetic resonance piano , (strings activated by electromagnetic fields) Stringed instruments with keyboards
The instrument's name is derived from bägänä, "to buzz, pluck, play;" it is etymologically related to the Hebrew נגנ (nagan), "touch/play [a stringed instrument]." [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Oral tradition identifies the instrument with the kinnor of the Israelites played by David to soothe King Saul 's nerves and heal him of insomnia , and later ...
the kinnor a lyre with 10 strings; the shofar, a hollowed-out ram's horn; the chatzutzera, or trumpet, made of silver; the tof or small drum; the metziltayim, or cymbals; the paamon or bell; the halil, a large flute; According to the Mishna, the regular Temple orchestra consisted of twelve instruments, and the choir of twelve male singers.
"The Crucifixion" from Jesus Christ Superstar (1969), by Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber; Douglas Allanbrook The Seven Last Words for mezzo-soprano, baritone, chorus and orchestra (1970) Sofia Gubaidulina Sieben Worte for cello, bayan, and strings (1982) James MacMillan: Seven Last Words from the Cross, cantata for choir and strings (1993)