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A second wind may come more readily at certain points of the circadian (24hr) biological clock than others.. Second wind (or third wind, fourth wind, etc.), a colloquial name for the scientific term wake maintenance zone, is a sleep phenomenon in which a person, after a prolonged period of staying awake, temporarily ceases to feel drowsy, often making it difficult to fall asleep when exhausted.
But sundowning has some unique signs that make it stand out from just being tired. “Fatigue can occur at all times of the day. Sundowning is truly confusion,” Dr. Kobylarz says.
In individuals deprived of sleep, somnolence may spontaneously dissipate for short periods of time; this phenomenon is the second wind, and results from the normal cycling of the circadian rhythm interfering with the processes the body carries out to prepare itself to rest. The word "somnolence" is derived from the Latin "somnus" meaning "sleep".
Mental and physical fatigue increase with the setting of the sun. This fatigue can play a role in the individual's irritability. [4] [5] An individual may experience an increase in restlessness while trying to sleep. Restlessness can often lead to pacing and or wandering which can be potentially harmful for an individual in a confused state. [5]
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Feeling sleepy and lacking enthusiasm during the day could increase the risk of developing a cognitive disorder leading to dementia, a new study found. Sleep expert Dr. Wendy Troxel discusses.
The primary difference appears to be that pre-light cultures have more broken-up sleep patterns. For example, people without artificial light might go to sleep far sooner after the sun sets, but then wake up several times throughout the night, punctuating their sleep with periods of wakefulness, perhaps lasting several hours. [140]
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