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The epidemiology of autism is the study of the incidence and distribution of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A 2022 systematic review of global prevalence of autism spectrum disorders found a median prevalence of 1% in children in studies published from 2012 to 2021, with a trend of increasing prevalence over time.
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive, restricted, and inflexible patterns of behavior, interests, and activities; deficits in social communication and social interaction; and the presence of high or low sensory sensitivity.
ADHD was found more often in boys, at a rate of 2:1. [10] The most common form of ADHD was inattentive (2.95% of total population), followed by hyperactive/impulsive (2.77%), then combined (2.44%). [10] While differences in prevalence rate were found internationally, it is not clear whether this reflects true differences or changes in ...
Brain sections related to autism. Many causes of autism, including environmental and genetic factors, have been recognized or proposed, but understanding of the theory of causation of autism is incomplete. [1] Attempts have been made to incorporate the known genetic and environmental causes into a comprehensive causative framework. [2]
Autistic people often have these attributes and some people diagnosed with this condition would have been considered autistic today. Italian psychiatrist Sante De Sanctis briefly mentioned a condition in a 1906 paper [ 36 ] [ 37 ] he called dementia praecocissima (very premature dementia), which was a form of dementia praecox that started very ...
The scientific study of the causes of developmental disorders involves many theories. Some of the major differences between these theories involves whether environment disrupts normal development, if abnormalities are pre-determined, or if they are products of human evolutionary history which become disorders in modern environments (see evolutionary psychiatry). [5]
Autism Friendly sticker, indicating places accessible to people with autism. Employers rarely take measures to adapt workstations. [ 209 ] Specific adaptations for autistic people are often refused, [ 111 ] such as an individual desk rather than an open-plan layout , keeping office doors closed, or moving away from an elevator , on the grounds ...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [1] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by executive dysfunction occasioning symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and developmentally-inappropriate.