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The axillary border (or "lateral border") is the thickest of the three. It begins above at the lower margin of the glenoid cavity, and inclines obliquely downward and backward to the inferior angle. It is referred to as the caudal border in animals.
The subscapular artery branches from the third part of the axillary and supplies the subscapularis muscle in the subscapular fossa as far as the inferior angle. The subscapular artery gives off a circumflex scapular branch that enters the infraspinous fossa on the dorsal surface of the bone, grooving the axillary border.
Anterior axillary line: A vertical line on the anterior torso marked by the anterior axillary fold. Midaxillary line: A vertical line passing through the apex of the axilla. Posterior axillary line: A vertical line passing through the posterior axillary fold. Scapular line: A vertical line passing through the inferior angle of the scapula.
The root of the spine of the scapula is the most medial part of the scapular spine. It is termed "triangular area of the spine of scapula", based on its triangular shape giving it distinguishable visible shape on x-ray images. [1] The root of the spine is on a level with the tip of the spinous process of the third thoracic vertebra. [2]
The scapular line, also known as the linea scapularis, is a vertical line passing through the inferior angle of the scapula. [ 1 ] It has been used in the evaluation of brachial plexus birth palsy.
The circumflex scapular artery (scapular circumflex artery, dorsalis scapulae artery) is a branch of the subscapular artery and part of the scapular anastomoses.. It curves around the axillary border of the scapula, traveling through the anatomical "triangular space" made up of the teres minor superiorly, the teres major inferiorly, and the long head of the triceps laterally.
The teres minor (Latin teres meaning 'rounded') is a narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff.The muscle originates from the lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of the corresponding right or left scapula and inserts at both the greater tubercle of the humerus and the posterior surface of the joint capsule.
The infraspinous fossa (infraspinatus fossa or infraspinatous fossa) of the scapula is much larger than the supraspinatous fossa; toward its vertebral margin a shallow concavity is seen at its upper part; its center presents a prominent convexity, while near the axillary border is a deep groove which runs from the upper toward the lower part.