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In Plato's Republic, the character of Socrates is highly critical of democracy and instead proposes, as an ideal political state, a hierarchal system of three classes: philosopher-kings or guardians who make the decisions, soldiers or "auxiliaries" who protect the society, and producers who create goods and do other work. [1]
[48] [49] [50] Popper thought Plato's envisioned state totalitarian as it advocated a government composed only of a distinct hereditary ruling class, with the working class—who Popper argues Plato regards as "human cattle"—given no role in decision making. He argues that Plato has no interest in what are commonly regarded as the problems of ...
Aristotle was a mild critic who "disliked the power that he thought the expansion of democracy necessarily gave to the poor." [6] Plato's political philosophy was skeptical of democracy and advocated for "government by the best qualified". [6] Modern liberal democracy incorporated some of these critiques. [7]
38. “Life must be lived as play.” 39. “No one ever teaches well who wants to teach, or governs well who wants to govern.” 40. “Dictatorship naturally arises out of democracy, and the ...
Socrates clarifies this comment by distinguishing between true and false philosophers. The true philosopher (or "lover of wisdom") is one who loves "the truth in each thing", as opposed to those who only love the things themselves. [3] This is a reference to Plato's belief that all particular things are only shadows of eternal Forms. Only the ...
The Statesman (Ancient Greek: Πολιτικός, Politikós; Latin: Politicus [1]), also known by its Latin title, Politicus, is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato.The text depicts a conversation among Socrates, the mathematician Theodorus, another person named Socrates (referred to as "Socrates the Younger"), and an unnamed philosopher from Elea referred to as "the Stranger" (ξένος ...
Plato's democracy is not the modern notion of a mix of democracy and republicanism, but rather direct democracy by way of pure majority rule. In the metaphor, found at 488a–489d, Plato's Socrates compares the population at large to a strong but near-sighted ship's master.
Plato’s solution depended on the wise man’s sense of duty, which would compel him to engage in politics despite the ugliness. In ancient reality, this did not work out well. Socrates was executed.