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Output of a computer model of underwater acoustic propagation in a simplified ocean environment. A seafloor map produced by multibeam sonar. Underwater acoustics (also known as hydroacoustics) is the study of the propagation of sound in water and the interaction of the mechanical waves that constitute sound with the water, its contents and its boundaries.
Reverberation time is a measure of the time required for the sound to "fade away" in an enclosed area after the source of the sound has stopped. When it comes to accurately measuring reverberation time with a meter, the term T 60 [6] (an abbreviation for reverberation time 60 dB) is used. T 60 provides
3D sound system with Reverberation Reconstruction flowchart. The reverberation reconstruction involves measuring the sound by a four-point microphone to measure its real delivery delays in different locations. Each microphone measures an impulse response from a time-stretched pulse signal for various time frames with various sound sources.
In a reverberant space, the sound perceived by a listener is a combination of direct and reverberant sound. The ratio of direct sound is dependent on the distance between the source and the listener, and upon the reverberation time in [the room]. At a certain distance the two will be equal. This is called the "critical distance."
For example, in architectural acoustics the rectilinear trajectories of sound rays make it possible to determine reverberation time in a very simple way. The operation of fathometers and hydrolocators is based on measurements of the time required for sound rays to travel to a reflecting object and back. The ray concept is used in designing ...
Sonar (sound navigation and ranging or sonic navigation and ranging) [2] is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater, as in submarine navigation) to navigate, measure distances , communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels.
How well a room absorbs sound is quantified by the effective absorption area of the walls, also named total absorption area. This is calculated using its dimensions and the absorption coefficients of the walls. [4] The total absorption is expressed in Sabins and is useful in, for instance, determining the reverberation time of auditoria.
Summing up these contributions, a reverberant pressure field is created. The more reverberation, the more the field is diffused. Two oft-used measures of reverberation time quantify this parameter, : and . These values are the interval for the sound pressure level to the lower of 30 or 60 dBSPL. It can be obtained by measuring the sound ...