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This study was a retrospective, case-control study that compared smoking habits of 684 individuals with bronchogenic carcinoma to those without the condition. [12] The survey included questions about smoking: starting age, 20 year tobacco consumption, brands used; as well as inquires about exposure to hazardous agents in the workplace, alcohol use, and causes of death for family members.
Squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung is closely correlated with a history of tobacco smoking, more so than most other types of lung cancer.According to the Nurses' Health Study, the relative risk of SCC is approximately 5.5, both among those with a previous duration of smoking of 1 to 20 years, and those with 20 to 30 years, compared to never-smokers. [2]
According to the World Health Organization, lung cancer was responsible for approximately 10 million deaths in 2020. [2] The most common cause of lung cancer is long-term exposure to tobacco smoke, and the carcinogens are typically found in cigarettes. [3] In the United States, around 80%-90% of lung cancer deaths are among cigarette smokers. [4]
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The risk of dying from lung cancer before age 85 is 22.1% for a male smoker and 11.9% for a female smoker, in the absence of competing causes of death. The corresponding estimates for lifelong nonsmokers are a 1.1% probability of dying from lung cancer before age 85 for a man of European descent, and a 0.8% probability for a woman. [70]
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. after skin cancer, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). The disease is to blame for about 1 in 5 cancer deaths, and the ACS ...
Another study concluded that cigarette smoking is the predominant cause of large cell lung cancer. It estimated that the odds ratio associated with smoking two or more packs/day for current smokers is 37.0 in men and 72.9 in women. [9] Notable people with the condition include American comedian Andy Kaufman, who died from the disease in 1984.
Prior to the advent of cigarette smoking in the 20th century, lung cancer was a rare disease. In the 1950s and 1960s, increasing evidence linked lung cancer and tobacco use, culminating in declarations by most large national health bodies discouraging tobacco use.
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