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The Government of India Act 1858 created the office of Secretary of State for India in 1858 to oversee the affairs of India, which was advised by a new Council of India with 15 members (based in London). The existing Council of Four was formally renamed as the Council of Governor-General of India or Executive Council of India.
The Governor-General of India (1833 to 1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom in their capacity as the emperor/empress of India and after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the monarch of India.
Several governors, lieutenant governors and administrators pose with the President of India at the ‘2024 Governors Conference’, at Rashtrapati Bhawan, in New Delhi in August 2024. In the Republic of India, according to the Article 154 of Constitution of India, a governor is the constitutional head of each of the twenty-eight states.
All Viceroys were also Governors-General. In 1950 the duties and functions of the King of India and Governor-General of India were merged in to a President of India. After partition of the Indian Empire in 1947 the Muslim areas were taken over by a Governor-General of Pakistan
In India, a governor is the constitutional head of a state in India that has similar powers and functions at the state level as those of the president of India at the central level. A governor acts as the constitutional head and takes all their decisions based on the advice of chief minister and their council of ministers. [1] In India, a ...
Viceroy John Lawrence's executive council in Simla, 1864. The Viceroy's Executive Council, formerly known as Council of Four and officially known as the Council of the Governor-General of India (since 1858), was an advisory body and cabinet of the Governor-General of India, also known as Viceroy.
According to the Constitution of India, at the state level, the governor is de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the state legislative assembly, the governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the state government.
Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, the ultimate Governor-General of India declaring India a republic at Government House, 26 January 1950. The Constitution of India came into effect on 26 January 1950, making India a republic with a president as head of state, replacing the monarch and his viceregal representative, the Governor-General.