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Development of the megagametophyte and fertilization in Arabidopsis thaliana. MMC ... and the female gametophyte is sometimes called the embryo sac or embryonic sac.
The three cells left at the end of the cell near the micropylar become the egg apparatus with an egg cell in the center and two synergids. A cell wall forms around the other set of nuclei and forms the antipodals. The cells in the center develop into the central cell. This entire structure with its eight nuclei is called the embryonic sac.
The bisporic and tetrasporic patterns undergo varying processes and result in varying embryo sacs as well. In Lilium which has a tetrasporic pattern, the central cell of the embryo sac is 4n. Therefore, upon fertilization the endosperm will be 5n rather than the typical 3n. [4]
The female gametophyte — specifically termed a megagametophyte — is also called the embryo sac in angiosperms. The megagametophyte produces an egg cell for the purpose of fertilization. The ovule is a small structure present in the ovary. It is attached to the placenta by a stalk called a funicle. The funicle provides nourishment to the ovule.
The parts of a flower Double fertilization. Double fertilization or double fertilisation (see spelling differences) is a complex fertilization mechanism of angiosperms.This process involves the fusion of a female gametophyte or megagametophyte, also called the embryonic sac, with two male gametes (sperm).
The embryo sac (megagametophyte) varies by genera, but is mainly tetrasporic (e.g. Fritillaria). [11] Embryo sacs in which three of the four megaspores fuse to form a triploid nucleus, are referred to as Fritillaria-type, a characteristic shared by all the core Liliales. [6] [9] [11] [16] Fruit
An endosperm is formed after the two sperm nuclei inside a pollen grain reach the interior of a female gametophyte or megagametophyte, also called the embryonic sac.One sperm nucleus fertilizes the egg cell, forming a zygote, while the other sperm nucleus usually fuses with the binucleate central cell, forming a primary endosperm cell (its nucleus is often called the triple fusion nucleus).
Sporogenesis and Embryo Sac Development of Hesperocallis and Leucocrinum in Relation to their Systematic Position (1948) [42] Karyological Studies in the Volvocaceae (1951) [20] Induced Dominant Lethality in Lilium (1953) [43] Plant Genera, Their Nature and Definition (1953) [44] The Detection and Nature of Dominant Lethals in Lilium. I.