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Like many other medical conditions, obesity is the result of an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. [2] [3] Studies have identified variants in several genes that may contribute to weight gain and body fat distribution; although, only in a few cases are genes the primary cause of obesity.
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein also known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTO gene located on chromosome 16. As one homolog in the AlkB family proteins, it is the first messenger RNA (mRNA) demethylase that has been identified. [ 5 ]
Specifically, central obesity (waistline adipose tissue) is the region of adipose tissue that contributes most to rising levels of serum resistin. [34] This is significant, considering the link between central obesity and insulin resistance, two marked peculiarities of T2DM. [9] [35]
A 2001 study of 13 people with a heterozygous frameshift mutation known as delta-G133 found that they had lower blood leptin levels than controls. There was an increased rate of obesity in these individuals, with 76% having a BMI of more than 30 compared to 26% in the control group. [89]
Monogenic obesity is excess weight caused by a mutation in a single gene, as opposed to syndromic obesity not tied to a single gene variation and most obesity, which is caused by multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. Monogenetic obesity mostly affects the hypothalamus and leptin–melanocortin system (see hypothalamic obesity ...
16p11.2 deletion syndrome is a rare genetic condition caused by microdeletion on the short arm of chromosome 16. Most affected individuals experience global developmental delay and intellectual disability, as well as childhood-onset obesity. [1] 16p11.2 deletion is estimated to account for approximately 1% of autism spectrum disorder cases. [3] [4]
Want to know how fit you are?Drop and give me 20 — or less, depending on your age. The number of pushups you can do can be a good indicator of your muscular strength and endurance, according to ...
This gene is located on the long (i.e. "P") arm of chromosome 10 at position 23.33 (position notated as 10q23.33). G protein-coupled receptors (also termed GPRs or GPCRs) reside on their parent cells' surface membranes , bind any one of the specific set of ligands that they recognize, and thereby are activated to trigger certain responses in ...