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2. Refractive surgery - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_surgery

   Refractive surgery is an optional eye surgery used to improve the refractive state of the eye and decrease or eliminate dependency on glasses or contact lenses. This can include various methods of surgical remodeling of the cornea (keratomileusis), lens implantation or lens replacement.

3. List of instruments used in ophthalmology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_instruments_used...

   used to search for magnified examination of the anterior segment of the eye (uniocular or binocular) Jackson's cross cylinder: used to check the power and axis of a cylindrical lens: Maddox rod: used to test for latent squint and retinal function Refraction box: has lenses of different powers for refraction testing: Slit lamp bio microscope

4. Clear lens extraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_lens_extraction

   Clear lens extraction, also known as refractive lensectomy, custom lens replacement or refractive lens exchange is a surgical procedure in which clear lens of the human eye is removed. Unlike cataract surgery , where the cloudy lens is removed to treat a cataract , clear lens extraction is done to surgically correct refractive errors such as ...

5. Optometry - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optometry

   Optometry is a healthcare profession that is autonomous, educated, and regulated (licensed/registered), and optometrists are the primary healthcare practitioners of the eye and visual system who provide comprehensive eye and vision care, which includes refraction and dispensing, detection/diagnosis and management of disease in the eye, and the ...

6. Radial keratotomy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial_keratotomy

   The corneal curvature has to remeasured and modified by history, central keratometry, or contact lens method. [citation needed] Selecting intraocular lenses for cataract surgery in patients who have undergone any refractive surgery has proven challenging and is associated with decreased accuracy in lens selection.

7. Eyeglass prescription - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyeglass_prescription

   In a bifocal lens, this generally indicates what is to be placed in the top segment. NV is an abbreviation for near vision. This may represent a single-vision lens prescription to improve near work, or the reading portion of a bifocal lens. OD is an abbreviation for oculus dexter, Latin for right eye from the patient's point of view. Oculus ...

8. Intraocular lens - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraocular_lens

   An intraocular lens (IOL) is a lens implanted in the eye usually as part of a treatment for cataracts or for correcting other vision problems such as short sightedness and long sightedness; a form of refractive surgery. If the natural lens is left in the eye, the IOL is known as phakic, otherwise it is a pseudophakic lens (or false

9. Phoropter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoropter

   This was a device produced in Camden, New Jersey, which contained a battery of convex lenses for each eye, a battery of concave lenses for each eye, and auxiliary lenses which gave it a total power range of +15.75 to -19.75, as well as a Maddox rod and Risley prism for each eye, and a Steven's phorometer.