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In accounting, a basis of accounting is a method used to define, recognise, and report financial transactions. [1] The two primary bases of accounting are the cash basis of accounting, or cash accounting, method and the accrual accounting method. A third method, the modified cash basis, combines elements of both accrual and cash accounting.
Basis (or cost basis), as used in United States tax law, is the original cost of property, adjusted for factors such as depreciation. When a property is sold, the taxpayer pays/(saves) taxes on a capital gain /(loss) that equals the amount realized on the sale minus the sold property's basis.
Tax basis may be relevant in other tax computations. [1] Tax basis of a member's interest in a partnership and other flow-through entity is generally increased by the members share of income and reduced by the share of loss. The tax basis of property acquired by gift is generally the basis of the person making the gift.
The cash method of accounting, also known as cash-basis accounting, cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting or cash accounting (the EU VAT directive vocabulary Article 226) records revenue when cash is received, and expenses when they are paid in cash. [1]
Income-tax-basis financial statements. Cash-basis and modified-cash-basis financial statements. Financial statements prepared using definitive criteria having substantial support in accounting literature that the preparer applies to all material items appearing in the statements (such as the price level basis of accounting).
"Basis" is generally the amount a taxpayer has invested in an asset. Thus, in the very simple case, if a taxpayer buys a house for $35,000, his "basis" is $35,000. "Gain", in the very simple case, is the amount a taxpayer receives when a taxpayer disposes of an asset, minus the taxpayer's basis in the asset.
Accrual basis of accounting: An entity shall recognise items as assets, liabilities, equity, income and expenses when they satisfy the definition and recognition criteria for those elements in the Framework of IFRS. [29] Materiality and aggregation: Every material class of similar items has to be presented separately. Items that are of a ...
Under the historical cost basis of accounting, assets and liabilities are recorded at their values when first acquired. They are not then generally restated for changes in values. Costs recorded in the Income Statement are based on the historical cost of items sold or used, rather than their replacement costs. For example,