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  2. Sexual abstinence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_abstinence

    The ancient world discouraged promiscuity for both health and social reasons. [4] According to Pythagoras (6th century BCE), sex should be practiced in the winter, but not the summer, but was harmful to male health in every season because the loss of semen was dangerous, hard to control, and both physically and spiritually exhausting, but had no effect on females. [4]

  3. Placebo in history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placebo_in_history

    The findings could not be replicated [38] and it is now thought to have no effect. [39] The word obecalp, "placebo" spelled backwards, was coined by an Australian doctor in 1998 when he recognised the need for a freely available placebo. [40] The word is sometimes used to make the use or prescription of fake medicine less obvious to the patient ...

  4. List of Latin legal terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_legal_terms

    In other words, the prohibition is of no effect, and the beneficiary will take the gift free from any restrictions. pactum de contrahendo: agreement to contract Prior contract aimed at concluding another contract, known as the parent or principal contract. Includes binders (in real estate sales), such as a purchase offer or an option to sell.

  5. Void (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Void_(law)

    Null; ineffectual; nugatory; having no legal force or binding effect; unable, in law, to support the purpose for which it was intended. In the case of a contract, this means there is no legal obligation, therefore there can be no breach of contract since the contract is null, but there may be an implied contract which requires the recipient of ...

  6. Paradoxical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradoxical_reaction

    It can be used to negate the effects of opioid painkillers. At doses around one-tenth of the typical dose, naltrexone has been used for pain relief. Low-dose naltrexone is believed to have an anti-inflammatory effect. This is an off-label use and not widely accepted by the medical and scientific community. [23]

  7. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Sometimes called the "I-knew-it-all-along" effect, or the "Hindsight is 20/20" effect, is the tendency to see past events as having been predictable [98] before they happened. Impact bias The tendency to overestimate the length or the intensity of the impact of future feeling states.

  8. Mariko Aoki phenomenon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariko_Aoki_phenomenon

    Quiz scholar and designer Hiroshi Nishino has observed that even when phrases—such as the "Mariko Aoki phenomenon" or the "Dylan effect" (a Japanese phrase referring to how a song or part of it can get stuck in one's head on an endless loop)—have not received academic consensus, "when they have an appealing sound to them they are ...

  9. Nocebo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocebo

    A nocebo effect is said to occur when a patient's negative expectations for a treatment cause the treatment to have a worse effect than it otherwise would have. [1] [2] For example, when a patient anticipates a side effect of a medication, they can experience that effect even if the "medication" is actually an inert substance. [1]