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An ATX motherboard Comparison of some common motherboard form factors (pen for scale). ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) is a motherboard and power supply configuration specification, patented by David Dent in 1995 at Intel, [1] to improve on previous de facto standards like the AT design.
The IBM Personal Computer XT was the successor to the original IBM PC, its first home computer. As the specifications were open, many clone motherboards were produced and it became a de facto standard. AT (Advanced Technology) IBM: 1984 305 × 279–330 mm (12 × 11–13 in) Obsolete, see Industry Standard Architecture.
Most motherboards have connectors for additional computer fans and integrated temperature sensors to detect motherboard and CPU temperatures and controllable fan connectors which the BIOS or operating system can use to regulate fan speed. [5] Alternatively computers can use a water cooling system instead of many fans.
In computer design, microATX (sometimes referred to as μATX, uATX [1] or mATX) [2] is a standard motherboard form factor introduced in December 1997. [3] The maximum size of a microATX motherboard is 9.6 × 9.6 in (244 × 244 mm).
Baby AT motherboard An ATX Form Card, used by later Baby-AT motherboards to allow for USB, PS/2 mouse, and IR connectivity through headers. In 1987, the Baby AT form factor was introduced, based on the motherboard found in the IBM PC/XT 286 (5162) [2] and soon after all computer makers abandoned AT for the cheaper and smaller Baby AT form factor, using it for computers that spanned several ...
Mini-ITX motherboards have been traditionally used in small-configured computer systems. Originally, Mini-ITX was a niche standard designed for fanless cooling with a low power consumption architecture, which made them useful for home theater PC systems, where fan noise can detract from the cinema experience.
The vast majority of Intel server chips of the Xeon E3, Xeon E5, and Xeon E7 product lines support VT-d. The first—and least powerful—Xeon to support VT-d was the E5502 launched Q1'09 with two cores at 1.86 GHz on a 45 nm process. [2]
BTX form factor motherboard inside a Dell Dimension E520. Pico BTX is a motherboard form factor that is meant to miniaturize the 12.8 × 10.5 in (325 × 267 mm) BTX standard. Pico BTX motherboards measure 8 × 10.5 in (203 × 267 mm). This is smaller than many current "micro"-sized motherboards, hence the name "pico". These motherboards share a ...