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Diagram of a basidiomycete stipe with an annulus and volva. In mycology, a stipe (/ s t aɪ p /) is the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal tissue. In many instances, however, the fertile hymenium extends down the stipe ...
In orchids, the stipe or caudicle is the stalk-like support of the pollinia. It is a non-viscid band or strap connecting the pollinia with the viscidium (the viscid part of the rostellum or beak). A stipe is also a structure found in organisms that are studied by botanists but that are no longer classified as plants.
Russula brevipes was initially described by American mycologist Charles Horton Peck in 1890, from specimens collected in Quogue, New York. [3] It is classified in the subsection Lactaroideae, a grouping of similar Russula species characterized by having whitish to pale yellow fruit bodies, compact and hard flesh, abundant lamellulae (short gills), and the absence of clamp connections.
Presence of large spherical cells, 'sphaerocysts', in the stipe is an important characteristic feature to distinguish the members of Russulaceae from other mushrooms. In Russula, the stipe breaks like the flesh of an apple, while in most other families it only breaks into fibres. [13] The spore powder varies from white to cream, or even orange.
The stipe, or stalk, is 6 to 18 cm (2 + 1 ⁄ 3 to 7 in) tall, and 1 to 2 cm (3 ⁄ 8 to 3 ⁄ 4 in) thick. [20] Due to its swollen, bulbous nature, the base of the stipe can sometimes be as wide as 4 cm (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in). The stipe is a similar colour to the cap, and covered in wool-like fibrils; [4] purple mycelium can be present at the base. [21]
The stipe is typically covered in brown scales at the base and finely hairy farther up. The leaf is overall 8–25 inches (20–64 cm) long, yellow-green, rather soft and thin in texture, and tapers at either end with the lowest 4-10 leaflets being generally smaller than those above. [ 6 ]
The stipe, typically 3–10 cm (1–4 in) long and 1–3 cm (1 ⁄ 2 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) thick, is either white or the same color as the cap, and is sometimes off-center. [29] It is easy to overlook the mushrooms when they are situated amongst gilled mushrooms and boletes , because the cap and stipe are fairly nondescript and the mushrooms must ...
The stipe is 5.5 to 11 centimetres (2 + 1 ⁄ 4 to 4 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) tall, and 0.5 to 1.5 centimetres (1 ⁄ 4 to 5 ⁄ 8 in) thick with a bulbous base. It is the same colour or slightly paler than the cap, and can have yellow fragments of the veil (cortina) attached to its lower half. [ 8 ]