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The cocoa bean, also known as cocoa (/ ˈ k oʊ. k oʊ /) or cacao (/ k ə ˈ k aʊ /), [1] is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, the cacao tree, from which cocoa solids (a mixture of nonfat substances) and cocoa butter (the fat) can be extracted. Cacao trees are native to the Amazon rainforest.
Theobroma cacao (cacao tree or cocoa tree) is a small (6–12 m (20–39 ft) tall) evergreen tree in the family Malvaceae. [1] [3] Its seeds - cocoa beans - are used to make chocolate liquor, cocoa solids, cocoa butter and chocolate. [4] Although the tree is native to the tropics of the Americas, the largest producer of cocoa beans in 2022 was ...
It puts cocoa bean cells in a vat with sugar water so they reproduce quickly and reach maturity in a week rather than the six to eight months a traditional harvest takes, said Alan Perlstein, the ...
In some growing regions (for example, Tobago), the dried beans are then polished for sale by "dancing the cocoa": spreading the beans onto a floor, adding oil or water, and shuffling the beans against each other using bare feet. [63] In an alternative process known as moist incubation, the beans are dried without fermentation.
Growing cacao trees also requires a lot of water, yet only the seeds of the fruit are harvested. One way to tackle these problems is to make chocolate without using cocoa beans — the fermented ...
Shortages of the bean are linked to adverse weather conditions, diseases, pest, and old trees that affected production in major growing areas. The trees that grow the beans need specific conditions.
As of 2022, the Ivory Coast was the world's largest exporter of cocoa beans, with exports totaling $3.33 billion. The leading markets for Ivorian cocoa beans were the Netherlands, Belgium, the United States, Malaysia, and Germany. Notably, Brazil, Canada, and Mexico emerged as the fastest-growing export markets between 2021 and 2022.
While cocoa production in the site of Chuao can be traced back to 1591, [2] [3] the town itself was founded in 1660. [1] From 1591 onwards, the area was home to a number of haciendas which grew cocoa. [2] During colonial times, a number of slaves were imported to the village from Africa to increase cocoa production on said haciendas. [1] [2]