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Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of tropical infections that are common in low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. [2] They are caused by a variety of pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and parasitic worms .
The World Health Organization classified 20 major diseases as neglected tropical diseases (NTD), while finer classifications consider several additional conditions. [4] The diseases collectively had affected almost 2 billion people worldwide every year, causing about 200,000 deaths and almost 50 disability adjusted life years annually.
Tropical diseases are diseases that are prevalent in or unique to tropical and subtropical regions. [1] The diseases are less prevalent in temperate climates , due in part to the occurrence of a cold season, which controls the insect population by forcing hibernation .
Neglected tropical diseases in India are a group of bacterial, parasitic, viral, and fungal infections that are common in low income countries but receive little funding to address them. Neglected tropical diseases are common in India. India's population is about 1.3 billion as of 2018, which is the second largest in the world. [1]
Filariasis, is a filarial infection caused by parasitic nematodes (roundworms) spread by different vectors.They are included in the list of neglected tropical diseases.. The most common type is lymphatic filariasis caused by three species of Filaria that are spread by mosquitoes.
Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. The parasite migrates to the internal organs such as the liver , spleen (hence " visceral "), and bone marrow , and, if left untreated, will almost always result in the death of the host.
On the third World NTD Day in 2022, the Kigali Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases, a successor project of the London Declaration, was announced, and was officially launched by Paul Kagame, President of the Republic of Rwanda, [5] at the Kigali Summit on Malaria and NTDs. [6] [7]
Neglected tropical diseases are made up of bacterial, parasitic and viral infections that negatively impact the development of children, pregnancy and economic outcomes of developing countries. [ 8 ] Changes in population numbers, food distribution channels, poverty and health education programs contribute to the fluctuating epidemiological ...