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Sound Transmission Class (or STC) is an integer rating of how well a building partition attenuates airborne sound. In the US, it is widely used to rate interior partitions, ceilings, floors, doors, windows and exterior wall configurations. Outside the US, the ISO Sound Reduction Index (SRI) is used.
Regarding sound generated inside the building, there are two principal types of transmission. Firstly, airborne sound travels through walls or floor and ceiling assemblies and can emanate from either human activities in adjacent living spaces or from mechanical noise within the building systems.
Sound baffles are a fundamental tool of noise mitigation, the practice of minimizing noise pollution or reverberation. An important type of sound baffle is the noise barrier constructed along highways to reduce sound levels in the vicinity of properties. Sound baffles are also applied to walls and ceilings in building interiors to absorb sound ...
An acoustic board is a board made from sound absorbing materials, designed to provide sound insulation. [3] [4] Between two outer walls sound absorbing material is inserted and the wall is porous. Thus, when sound passes through an acoustic board, the intensity of sound is decreased. The loss of sound energy is balanced by producing heat energy.
The typical sound paths are ceilings, room partitions, acoustic ceiling panels (such as wood dropped ceiling panels), doors, windows, flanking, ducting and other penetrations. Technical solutions depend on the source of the noise and the path of acoustic transmission , for example noise by steps or noise by (air, water) flow vibrations.
Instead, conventional plaster or drywall systems were more frequently used in homes and other environments where interior aesthetics is a more important consideration but these are, however, not ideal in sound absorption. [4] Limitations of acoustic panels or conventional drywall systems also affect the flexibility of room configuration and uses.
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