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A small-sample study examining the cervical spine in symptom-free volunteers found focal disc protrusions in 50% of participants, suggesting that a considerable part of the population might have focal herniated discs in their cervical region that do not cause noticeable symptoms. [4] [5] A herniated disc in the lumbar spine may cause radiating ...
Intraspinal, or discogenic sciatica refers to sciatica whose pathology involves the spine. In 90% of sciatica cases, this can occur as a result of a spinal disc bulge or herniation. [14] [28] Sciatica is generally caused by the compression of lumbar nerves L4 or L5 or sacral nerve S1. [29] Less commonly, sacral nerves S2 or S3 may cause ...
Lumbar disc disease is the drying out of the spongy interior matrix of an intervertebral disc in the spine. Many physicians and patients use the term lumbar disc disease to encompass several different causes of back pain or sciatica. In this article, the term is used to describe a lumbar herniated disc.
When warranted, imaging such as MRI can provide clear detail about disc related causes of back pain (L4–L5 disc herniation shown). Imaging is indicated when there are red flags, ongoing neurological symptoms that do not resolve, or ongoing or worsening pain. [ 5 ]
Surgery is considered when symptoms persist after attempting conservative treatment. It is estimated 10-20 percent of individuals with low back pain fail to improve with conservative measures. [22] A discectomy is a common procedure used to alleviate the radiating pain and neurological symptoms associated with a herniated disc. [23]
These may be unrelated to any symptoms and are just bulges of the anulus fibrosus. Jensen and colleagues, in an MRI study of the lumbar spine in 98 asymptomatic adults, found that in more than half, there was a symmetrical extension of a disc (or discs) beyond the margins of the interspace (bulging). In 27 percent, there was a focal or ...
Symptoms may be unilateral or bilateral, and correlate to the region of the spine affected. The most common region for spinal disk disease is at L4–L5 or L5–S1. [20] The risk for lumbar disc disease is increased in overweight individuals because of the increased compressive force on the nucleus pulposus, and is twice as likely to occur in men.
MRI of the lumbar spine showing spinal stenosis Neurogenic claudication is one subtype of the clinical syndrome of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). [ 9 ] No gold standard diagnostic criteria currently exist, but evaluation and diagnosis is generally based on the patient history, physical exam, and medical imaging . [ 1 ]
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