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The deep layer of the precursor extensor mass is known to be phylogenetically unstable and is undergoing evolution as high variability is seen in non-human primates. [5] [8] [9] [10] In humans, anomalous or additional muscles can be seen in small portion of population. Anomalous muscles in human extensor compartment are listed as follow:
The extrinsic extensor muscles of the hand are located in the back of the forearm and have long tendons connecting them to bones in the hand, where they exert their action. Extrinsic denotes their location outside the hand. Extensor denotes their action which is to extend, or open flat, joints in the hand.
The extrinsic muscle groups are the long flexors and extensors. They are called extrinsic because the muscle belly is located on the forearm. The intrinsic group are the smaller muscles located within the hand itself. The muscles of the hand are innervated by the radial, median, and ulnar nerves from the brachial plexus. [1]
of forearm at elbow [2] Posterior compartment of the arm. Triceps brachii; Anconeus; of hand at wrist [3] Posterior compartment of the forearm. Extensor carpi radialis longus; Extensor carpi radialis brevis; Extensor carpi ulnaris; Extensor digitorum; of phalanges, at all joints Posterior compartment of the forearm. Extensor digitorum
It is considered an extrinsic hand muscle because it acts on the hand while its muscle belly is located in the forearm. Together the flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, and flexor digitorum profundus form the deep layer of ventral forearm muscles. [2] The muscle is named from Latin 'deep bender of the fingers'.
The forearm contains many muscles, including the flexors and extensors of the wrist, flexors and extensors of the digits, a flexor of the elbow (brachioradialis), and pronators and supinators that turn the hand to face down or upwards, respectively. In cross-section, the forearm can be divided into two fascial compartments.
The mobile wad (or mobile wad of Henry) is a group of the following three muscles found in the lateral compartment of the forearm: [1] brachioradialis; extensor carpi radialis brevis; extensor carpi radialis longus; It is also sometimes known as the "wad of three", [2] "lateral compartment", [3] or "radial group" [4] of the forearm.
In human anatomy, the extensor pollicis longus muscle (EPL) is a skeletal muscle located dorsally on the forearm. It is much larger than the extensor pollicis brevis , the origin of which it partly covers and acts to stretch the thumb together with this muscle.