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  2. Probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution

    A discrete probability distribution is applicable to the scenarios where the set of possible outcomes is discrete (e.g. a coin toss, a roll of a die) and the probabilities are encoded by a discrete list of the probabilities of the outcomes; in this case the discrete probability distribution is known as probability mass function.

  3. Discrete uniform distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_uniform_distribution

    The problem of estimating the maximum of a discrete uniform distribution on the integer interval [,] from a sample of k observations is commonly known as the German tank problem, following the practical application of this maximum estimation problem, during World War II, by Allied forces seeking to estimate German tank production.

  4. Binomial distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_distribution

    In probability theory and statistics, the binomial distribution with parameters n and p is the discrete probability distribution of the number of successes in a sequence of n independent experiments, each asking a yes–no question, and each with its own Boolean-valued outcome: success (with probability p) or failure (with probability q = 1 − p).

  5. Dirichlet process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet_process

    Given a measurable set S, a base probability distribution H and a positive real number, the Dirichlet process ⁡ (,) is a stochastic process whose sample path (or realization, i.e. an infinite sequence of random variates drawn from the process) is a probability distribution over S, such that the following holds.

  6. Poisson distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson_distribution

    In probability theory and statistics, the Poisson distribution (/ ˈ p w ɑː s ɒ n /; French pronunciation:) is a discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time if these events occur with a known constant mean rate and independently of the time since the last event. [1]

  7. Degenerate distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerate_distribution

    The degenerate univariate distribution can be viewed as the limiting case of a continuous distribution whose variance goes to 0 causing the probability density function to be a delta function at k 0, with infinite height there but area equal to 1. [citation needed] The cumulative distribution function of the univariate degenerate distribution is:

  8. Principle of maximum entropy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_maximum_entropy

    This constrained optimization problem is typically solved using the method of Lagrange multipliers. [3] Entropy maximization with no testable information respects the universal "constraint" that the sum of the probabilities is one. Under this constraint, the maximum entropy discrete probability distribution is the uniform distribution,

  9. Continuous or discrete variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_or_discrete...

    In probability theory and statistics, the probability distribution of a mixed random variable consists of both discrete and continuous components. A mixed random variable does not have a cumulative distribution function that is discrete or everywhere-continuous. An example of a mixed type random variable is the probability of wait time in a queue.

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