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2. Cope and drag - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cope_and_drag

   Cope and drag with cores in place on the drag Two sets of castings (bronze and aluminium) from the above sand mold. In foundry work, the terms cope and drag refer respectively to the top and bottom parts of a two-part casting flask, used in sand casting. The flask is a wood or metal frame, which contains the molding sand, providing support to ...

3. Pattern (casting) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_(casting)

   A similar technique called a cope and drag pattern is often used for large castings or large production runs: in this variation, the two sides of the pattern are mounted on separate pattern plates that can be hooked up to horizontal or vertical machines and moulded with the molding material.

4. Sand casting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_casting

   The pattern is specially vented so that a vacuum can be pulled through it. A heat-softened thin sheet (0.003 to 0.008 in (0.076 to 0.203 mm)) of plastic film is draped over the pattern and a vacuum is drawn (200 to 400 mmHg (27 to 53 kPa)). A special vacuum forming flask is placed over the plastic pattern and is filled with a free-flowing sand.

5. Metal casting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_casting

   Molding material: The material that is packed around the pattern and then the pattern is removed to leave the cavity where the casting material will be poured. Flask: The rigid wood or metal frame that holds the molding material. Cope: The top half of the pattern, flask, mold, or core. Drag: The bottom half of the pattern, flask, mold, or core.

6. Flask (metal casting) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flask_(metal_casting)

   The shape of a flask may be square, rectangular, round or any convenient shape. A flask can have any size so long as it is larger than the pattern being used to make the sand mold. Flasks are commonly made of steel, aluminum or even wood. A simple flask has two parts: the cope and the drag. More elaborate flasks may have three or even four parts.

7. Core (manufacturing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_(manufacturing)

   This is a third segment in the flask, in addition to the cope and drag. This allows the entire mold to be made from green sand and from removable patterns. The disadvantage of this is more mold-making operations are required, but it is usually advantageous when the quantities are low.

8. Investment casting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_casting

   Produce wax patterns: Although called wax patterns, pattern materials may also include plastic and frozen mercury. [6] Wax patterns can be produced in one of two ways. In one process, the wax is poured into the mould and swished around until an even coating, usually about 3 mm (0.12 in) thick, covers the inner surface of the mould.

9. Sprue (manufacturing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprue_(manufacturing)

   Bronze casting showing sprue and risers. A sprue is a large diameter vertical channel through which liquid material is introduced into a mold. It connects the pouring basin to the runner.