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  2. Enantiomer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantiomer

    There are three common naming conventions for specifying one of the two enantiomers (the absolute configuration) of a given chiral molecule: the R/S system is based on the geometry of the molecule; the (+)- and (−)- system (also written using the obsolete equivalents d- and l-) is based on its optical rotation properties; and the D/L system is based on the molecule's relationship to ...

  3. Absolute configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_configuration

    If a reaction gave the enantiomer of a known configuration, as indicated by the opposite sign of optical rotation, it would indicate that the absolute configuration is inverted. In 1951, Johannes Martin Bijvoet for the first time used in X-ray crystallography the effect of anomalous dispersion , which is now referred to as resonant scattering ...

  4. Molecular configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_configuration

    The molecular configuration of a molecule is the permanent geometry that results from the spatial arrangement of its bonds. [1] The ability of the same set of atoms to form two or more molecules with different configurations is stereoisomerism.

  5. Eudysmic ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudysmic_ratio

    A racemic mixture is an equal mixture of both enantiomers, which may be easier to manufacture than a single enantiomeric form. Indacrinone Enantiomers. It is often the case that only a single one of the enantiomers contains all of the wanted bioactivity, the distomer is often less active, has no desired activity or may even be toxic. [6]

  6. Chirality (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(chemistry)

    Two enantiomers of a generic amino acid that are chiral (S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH. In chemistry, a molecule or ion is called chiral (/ ˈ k aɪ r əl /) if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any combination of rotations, translations, and some conformational changes.

  7. Chiral drugs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_drugs

    Since there is a frequent large pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between enantiomers of a chiral drug it is not surprising that enantiomers may result in stereoselective toxicity. They can reside in the pharmacologically active enantiomer (eutomer) or in the inactive one (distomer).

  8. Kinetic resolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_resolution

    In organic chemistry, kinetic resolution is a means of differentiating two enantiomers in a racemic mixture.In kinetic resolution, two enantiomers react with different reaction rates in a chemical reaction with a chiral catalyst or reagent, resulting in an enantioenriched sample of the less reactive enantiomer. [1]

  9. Stereoisomerism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoisomerism

    Two kinds of stereoisomers. In stereochemistry, stereoisomerism, or spatial isomerism, is a form of isomerism in which molecules have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space.